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Jumat, 23 Oktober 2020

CONTOH ESSAY , The Effectiveness Of Online Learning In Teaching And Learning Activities To Achieve 21st-Century Skill Goals

 

The Effectiveness Of Online Learning In Teaching And Learning Activities

To Achieve 21st-Century Skill Goals

By: Aris Priyanto, S.T, M.M.

Teacher of Indonesian SILN School in Makkah

 

 



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


The increasing number of positive cases in Indonesia due to COVID-19 has made the Ministry of Education and Culture (Kemendikbud) recommend online learning as an effort to reduce the spread of the virus.

Even though there are several well-known schools and universities in Indonesia that are ready to do so, the presence of COVID-19 shows the unpreparedness of far more educational institutions in Indonesia in implementing an online learning system. For example, the use of online learning technology is still dominated by schools and universities in big cities because of the financial capacity and availability of digital learning systems that are better than small schools and universities in rural areas. 

 

Problems arise 

            The online learning implementation that has been running for several months has generally run smoothly. However, over time many problems have emerged. Among them are too many teacher assignments to complain about quotas and internet networks.



 

 "Sir, I am not afraid of the coronavirus, but I am afraid if I have a concussion. Everyday tasks flow like a continuous flash flood. I want to go to school immediately, Teacher," was a chain statement that appeared on social media. It turns out that online learning that has been running, in the realm of praxis, has caused many problems.

Of course, it would be unwise to immediately blame the teachers. In an emergency situation, the teacher at that time had to act quickly so that learning could be effective. Cellphones, which were originally only a medium of communication, now have multiple functions. Included in providing material and assignments a very short duration.

Appreciation deserves to be given to teachers, schools, and students because they can adapt quickly. However, over time all parties need to evaluate online learning so that its goals can be achieved optimally.

 

Principles of Online Learning 

In terms of the process, actually, this online learning model has been regulated in Permendikbud no. 22 of 2016 concerning Process Standards with the following principles: 

1.      From the students are notified towards the students to find out

2.      From the teacher as the only source of learning to learn based on various learning resources 

3.      From a textual approach to a process as a strengthening of the use of a scientific approach 

4.      From content-based learning to competency-based learning 

5.      From partial learning to integrated learning 

6.      From learning that emphasizes single answers to learning with answers that are multi-dimensional in truth 

7.      From verbalism learning to applicative skills 

8.      Improvement and balance between physical skills (hard skills) and mental skills (soft skills) 

9.      Learning that prioritizes the culture and empowerment of students as lifelong learners 

10.  Learning that applies values ​​by giving an example (ing ngarso sung tulodo), the building will (ing madyo mangun karso), and developing the creativity of students in the learning process (tut wuri handayani) 

11.  Learning that takes place at home in schools and in the community 

12.  Learning that applies the principle that anyone is a teacher, anyone is a student, and anywhere is a class. 

13.  Use of information and communication technology to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of learning 

14.  Recognition of individual differences and cultural backgrounds of students.

If the learning principles above are aligned with the 4 pillars of education compiled by UNESCO, namely Learning to Know (learning to know), Learning to Do (learning to do something), Learning to Be (learning to be something), and Learning to Live Together (learning to live together), now is the most appropriate opportunity to rearrange the direction of our education world which has strayed far from our goals.

The world of education must again teach how to learn (Learning How to Learn), not Learning What to Learn (learning about something). All of this is reflected in the content of this online learning where initially the teachers are still struggling with content or material that is made to inform students rather than leaving them to find out for themselves.

With the internet, students can learn to know, learn to do, learn to be something, and learn to live together with a very different approach in the pre-internet era where teachers were the only source of learning. Educators simply facilitate how students can find out reliable learning sources, not hoaxes, and not just the opinion of someone whose credibility is still in doubt.

If educators and parents understand that these skills are needed to be developed in students in facing the challenges in the 21st century, then the learning model can be directed to lead there. For example, during this period of study at home students can be directed to look for solutions to problems related to Covid-19. The solution can be in terms of health, food, social, economy, and so on.

The solution offered must have a strong theoretical basis and not just a wild idea; this is where the students will learn to find out. These solutions must be worked out in groups even if they do not meet face to face. The solutions offered must be presented in the form of a video and uploaded to social media such as Youtube, Facebook, Linkedin, Line, or others. The rating will be based on the number of views (how many times it has been watched), how many thumbs up (likes), and how many comments/interactions that arise from the upload.

We will all be surprised by the creativity and innovation of the next generation of the nation, which so far has not been given the opportunity because their study time has run out to be told what to study. And, this concept will change the views of parents and educators who have seen only consumption devices, now they will turn into means of production. And this is the real process of developing superior human resources

 

Measurable Task

A large number of assignments from teachers is often a complaint in online learning. The learning load of students, of course, must be calculated, measured, both materially and in time. Of course, it needs to be remembered that learning in class is not always filled with assignments or doing a large number of questions. The teacher can give the task of observing, experimenting, and analyzing, making it more interesting and challenging.

Although distance learning, greetings, responses, and feedback or appreciation of the work done is something that should not be forgotten. There should be no assumptions, students feel cheated because of the large number of assignments given, but there is no feedback from the teacher, such as work that has been done maximally but the teacher does not correct.

Appreciation for the work of students needs to be given by the teacher so that learning objectives can be achieved. One of the goals of learning including online is the achievement of student competencies known as the 4 Cs, namely Critical thinking which directs students to be able to solve problems (problem-solving).

Creativity thinking (creative thinking) can be interpreted as a teacher can assist students who have high creativity able to think and see a problem from various sides or perspectives.

Collaboration (work together or collaborate). This activity is important to apply in the learning process so that students are able and ready to work together with anyone in their future lives.

Communication can be interpreted as the ability of students to convey their ideas and thoughts quickly, clearly, and effectively (Directorate of PSMK, 2019).

Online learning tasks that are given to students are geared towards these 21st-century skills. Cellphone applications such as WhatsApp are no longer just a means of providing one-way information. But the goal is to build skills in 4C.

The Covid-19 pandemic can be an entry point to change textual learning into contextual. Contextual learning is a learning concept that links subject matter in everyday life. Students are expected to find and develop new knowledge and skills according to the knowledge they have. Thus, they will better understand and better interpret their knowledge.

In mathematics, the ability to graph the development of the Covid-19 pandemic and its predictions can be sharpened. Through cultural arts lessons, you can be trained to analyze the impact of Covid-19 on the development of performing arts and alternative solutions. In Indonesian lessons, they are trained to make proposals to seek aid funds for the response to the Covid-19 pandemic or to make poetry, articles, short stories harmonized with situations that have recently occurred.

Thus, when students have honed their ability to see the real world and neutralize it to the public through the results of their analysis, it has proven the value of strengthening character education, especially the value of integrity as an aspect of the expression of compassion and empathy for others.

I hope online learning does not only produce students like robots who only do exercises with as many tasks as they can without being able to think at a high level. For this reason, the success of online learning requires synergic collaboration between teachers, schools, parents, and students. Schools need to pay attention to parents of students who cannot afford quotas or do not have adequate cellphones by facilitating so that online learning can run optimally.

In addition, the success of online learning during the Covid-19 crisis depends on the discipline of all parties. Therefore, the school here needs to make a scheme by compiling good management in managing the online learning system. This can be done by creating a systematic, structured, and simple schedule to facilitate communication between parents and schools so that their children who are studying at home can be effectively monitored. 

 

Bibliography: 

1.   Permendikbud no. 22 of 2016 dated 6 June 2016, Basic and Secondary Education Process Standards. 

2.      Indra Charismiadji, Managing Effective Online Learning, Detik News, April 1, 2020.


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